Nocturia

The disturbance of sleep at night by the need to pass urine. A common cause of nocturia in men is enlargement of the prostate gland (see prostate, enlarged), which obstructs the normal outflow of urine and causes the bladder to empty incompletely. In women, a common cause is cystitis (inflammation of the bladder), in which irritation of the bladder wall increases its sensitivity so that smaller volumes of urine trigger a desire to urinate. Other causes of nocturia include diabetes mellitus, heart failure (reduced pumping efficiency), chronic kidney failure, and diabetes insipidus.