Vulvitis

Inflammation of the vulva. Infections that may cause vulvitis are candidiasis, genital herpes (see herpes, genital), and warts (see warts, genital). Infestations with pubic lice or scabies are other possible causes. Vulvitis may also occur as a result of changes in the vulval skin. These changes tend to affect women after the menopause, although there is no apparent trigger. They may take the form of red or white patches and/or thickened or thinned areas that may be inflamed. Other possible causes of vulvitis include allergic reactions to hygiene products, excessive vaginal discharge, or urinary incontinence. Treatment depends on the cause. A combination of drugs applied to the vulva and good hygiene is usually recommended. A biopsy may be taken, if there are skin changes, to exclude the slight possibility of vulval cancer. (See also vulvovaginitis; vaginitis.)