An acute viral infection characterized by a high temperature, sore throat, and swollen lymph nodes, particularly in the neck. Commonly called glandular fever, it is caused by the Epstein–Barr virus and is most common during adolescence or early adulthood. One common mode of transmission is thought to be kissing. In the body, the virus multiplies in the lymphocytes (also called mononuclear cells), which develop an atypical appearance. The first symptoms are a fever and headache, followed by swollen lymph nodes and a severe sore throat. Rarely, enlargement of the tonsils may obstruct breathing. Mild inflammation of the liver may occur, leading to jaundice. Diagnosis is often made from the symptoms and a blood test. Recovery usually takes 4–6 weeks, with rest the only treatment needed. In rare cases, corticosteroid drugs are given to reduce severe inflammation, particularly if breathing is obstructed. For 2–3 months after recovery, patients often feel depressed, lack energy, and have daytime sleepiness.
Mononucleosis, infectious |
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