Cocaine

A drug obtained from the leaves of the coca plant, once used as a local anaesthetic (see anaesthesia, local) for minor surgical procedures. Cocaine affects the brain, producing euphoria and increased energy. Because of its effects, cocaine is subject to drug abuse. Continued use can lead to psychological dependence (see drug dependence), and psychosis if high doses are taken. Regular inhaling of the drug can damage the lining of the nose. Overdose can cause seizures and cardiac arrest. “Crack’’, a purified form of cocaine, produces a more intense reaction and has caused deaths due to adverse effects on the heart.